Cell phones How have they changed us socially? Essay

Filed under Fall 2013, Story Cycle 4, Features, Opinion, Showcase The short URL of the present article is: http://lhslance.org/bKUbA We live in a world where communication through modern technology is almost required. Everywhere people are texting, emailing, writing blogs and tweeting. It’s hard to go anywhere without seeing someone using a phone or the Internet to connect with others. Can you imagine not being able to check your Twitter, Facebook or messages for a week? We would feel lost. Of course the use of technology can be good. It provides us with faster, more efficient ways to communicate with others, but it can also harm our ability to communicate with people face to face. Many complain that our new digital skills impact our ability to write properly. We look old fashioned on paper. â€Å"i nede to ask a?† Read our ad policy â€Å"Cell phones have changed communication because now, instead of friends actually having a face to face conversation, they text each other. This is bad because intent become misinterpreted, which can lead to ‘drama’ and friendship problems. The use of cell phones has affected me because whenever I am in a situation, instead of trying to make a conversation I resort to my cell phone,† Junior Taylor Strahan said. How the message is sent can determine many additional factors as to how the message is interpreted by the receiver. All new information we learn is compared with the knowledge we already have. If it confirms what we already know, we will likely receive the new information accurately, though we may pay little attention to it. If it disputes our previous assumptions or interpretation of the situation, we may distort it in our mind so that it is made to fit our world view, or we may dismiss the information as deceptive, misguided, or simply wrong. For example, if two people are involved in an escalated conflict, and they each assume that the other is going to be aggressive and hostile, then any  ambiguous message will be interpreted as aggressive and hostile, even if it was not intended to be that way at all. Our expectations work as blinders or filters that distort what we see so that it fits our preconceived images of the world. According to pewinternet.org, â€Å"a bit more than a third (37%) of social network-using teens said they sent messages to friends every day through the social sites, a drop from the 42% of such teens who said they did so in February of 2008†. Face- to -face communication among children and teenagers is being squashed out by social networks. A phone call isn’t used to get in touch with someone anymore; Facebook and Twitter are the main tools of communication. The consequences of this are social awkwardness and even social anxiety when confronted with new people to meet in person. A study was done by pewinternet.org among teenagers on social networks, and the amount of communication among teenagers on social networks, and the amount of communication by social network has remained steady. Studies show that homework is interrupted and children become distracted when they receive notifications of a new chat messages, texts, or emails. â€Å"Good communication is important because when we are adults and applying for interviews, we won’t know how to have proper communication, which can result in not getting the job. Another thing is kids are so focused on social networking on our phones that we spend less time on school work which causes bad grades. In the future when applying for college, they won’t accept us because we have bad grades and that is due to cell phone use,† Strahan added. 7 Texting has, in many ways, made communication easier by helping people avoid long, unpleasant phone conversations and making a quick â€Å"Hello† much easier. According to the Pew Research Center, 72% of teenagers text regularly, and one in three sends more than 100 texts per day. Clearly, texting is the preferred method of communication among young people, and that trend is moving upward toward adults, who are also texting much more frequently. Studies have shown that it makes it difficult for students who rely so heavily on technology to actually communicate to adults in person because they don’t quite develop all of the necessary skills to hold or even start a face-to-face conversation. However, these skills are a crucial tool in the workforce. If you want a high paying, stable job, or possibly even to be admitted to a university, you must have good face-to-face communication skills. If you lack these specific skills you most likely won’t even make it  throu gh the interview. â€Å"Teens are in the stage of their life where they’re learning so if you don’t learn to have good communication skills, then when you become an adult you will have a harder time asking for help, being proactive with things in your life,† said reading specialist Mrs. Tracey Cassidy. Students who are constantly texting with abbreviated forms of words have begun to speak with the same acronyms. The now everyday uses of â€Å"LOL† and â€Å"OMG† have become substitutions for actual emotional responses in conversations. This form of talking is often seen as flighty and uneducated. They’re not only speaking in abbreviated ways but they are also beginning to become distracted during conversations. While texting, it is easy to jump from topic to topic when an idea comes to mind. However, this is causing many students to become unfocused and sidetracked during face to face conversations. â€Å"I think that some cell phones have opened up communication for teens 100% because that’s how they communicate with their friends, parents, with their school work. I think it’s fantastic, and that’s what they really rely on, so it is good but some negatives are their communication skills are not as strong as they should be, like talking to other people,† Cassidy added. â€Å"When I was a teen we did not have cell phones or computers. I had a telephone in my room (which was a big deal) it was attached to the wall with a long cord and was then attached to a base so I couldn’t walk around the house and talk on the phone. I had to say in my room for privacy. Before I got my own phone I would use the phone in the kitchen, I would stretch the phone cord as far as I could and then go into a closet for privacy,† parent Barbara Dempster said. â€Å"Communication is a way for people to connect with each other and form relationship. It is also a way to gather information from others. I like the variety of ways that people can communicate and keep in touch with one another. I do feel that the importance of face- to- face communication has been impacted by the use of cell phone and texting vs. talking on the phone,† Dempster added. We have become a society that is completely dependent on our technology to communicate with others. It’ s almost impossible for us to maintain our social life without using some sort of modern-day technology to communicate. â€Å"In terms of communication, it is harder for teens to communicate face to  face with people with maybe teachers, because they’re so used to doing it via email. Sometimes it’s good, meaning if you don’t like a grade you have, you can email the teacher saying you have concerns about your grade. Where if you don’t have an email, you have to talk to your teacher about the grade you don’t like and you might be nervous and uncomfortable because it’s your teacher,† Cassidy said. â€Å"I would tell teens that there is a time and place for texting and there is a time when you need to have a conversation either face to face or over the telephone,† said Dempster. â€Å"Texting is great when you need to find out information quickly – Are you still coming over? Do you want a soda? Where are you?† Dempster believes other situations require face- to -face like, â€Å"When you are joking and it may be difficult for the oth er person to sense your humor or sarcasm, communication with a teacher or adult. When telling your parents you did something wrong,† Dempster said. According to Pew Research Center, â€Å"As technology continues to improve, the use of cell phones continues to change drastically. The increase over the last ten years has been incredible and the way we use our phones to stay connected and informed continues to change.† â€Å"The average American smartphone user spent nearly 30 minutes a day checking or updating social networks. The way we use cell phones has changed drastically over the last year. Once upon a time, we used cell phones to make calls while we were away from our homes. Recent studies show that we may be migrating away from our primary use of the phone to more of a texting and mobile web device.† Research from www.accuconference.com states that in 2012 †¢53% of adults own a smartphone. †¢42% of people have used their phone for entertainment when they are bored. †¢51% of users used their cell phone at least once to get information. †¢27% said they had trouble doing something because they did not have their phone. †¢29% turn off their phones to take a break from their digital life at night. This article is not to say that mobile phones should be banned due to their many negative aspects. It depends upon us whether we use this technology for our progress and prosperity or for our destruction. No doubt, mobile phone is the best innovation of this era but people should use it in a positive sense.

World History Chapter

You didn't have to depend on anything, for example if you were a farmer you had to depend on your crops for survival because if the plants died, you could starve to death- Didn't require much time like farming would- You could easily move around town or country. As for farming you would have to stay in your farm because all of your crop were already planted and it would take much more time to replant. 0 Why was the Neolithic Revolution considered so highly significant? How did the Neolithic Revolution effect gender roles? The Neolithic Revolution was considered so highly significant because at this time people started farming since new technology was being invented, it made things easier.Population grew immensely due to the change of life style from hunting and gathering to farming. The Neolithic Revolution effected gender roles because before anyone started farming the men was the one who would go out and hunt while the woman cooked and gathered the food. But once farming started bo th gender were able to do the same Job. Compare and contrast homo sapiens and homo erects in regards to surviving. Both Homo erects and Homo sapiens migrated from Africa to various parts of Europe and Asia. It made it easier to migrate around because of low sea levels associated with the Ice Age. Homo sapiens migrated from Africa during a wet period and crossed the land bridge to the Americas during the last glacial period.These migrations were lead by minor physical evolutionary changes such as changes in skin pigmentation. However, humans adapted to their new environments not through biological evolution but through a process of technological adaptation. Compare the slave systems of Mesopotamia empires and Egypt. In Mesopotamia Empires many of role than they would in the later societies of Greece and Rome. They were identified by a distinctive hair style rather than chains or brands, they would have a barber shave off the telltale mark if they were lucky enough to regain their fre edom. On the other hand, Slavery in Egypt existed on a limited scale and was of little economic significance.But humane treatment softened the burden of slavery, as did the possibility of being freed. Slavery was not very common or bad in Egypt as it was in he Mesopotamia empires List the indicators of a â€Å"civilization†. 0(1) cities as administrative centers, 0(2) a political system based on defined territory rather than kinship, 0(3) many people engaged in specialized, non-food-producing activities, 0(4) status distinctions based largely on accumulation of wealth, 0(5) monumental building, 0(6) a system for keeping permanent records, 0(7) long-distance trade, and (8) sophisticated interest in science and art. 0 How did the religious beliefs in Mesopotamia and in Egypt reflect the relationships between the environment and the people?

Man’s Best Friend

The dog, or man’s best friend as we call them, is an animal that turns out we can comprehend much better than we think. Their behavior actually isn’t too different from our own, since for both humans and dogs, emotion causes our certain behaviors. Although technically speaking, there is no exact way to tell if a dog tends to feel emotion or not, but with a bit of common sense and observation, the majority of people agree that animals do have feelings and scientists are even accepting the idea. Jennifer Arnold, a service dog trainer, has experienced watching a dog become depressed, angry, and even embarrassed.As she states, â€Å"time has taught me that dogs, like humans, are emotional creatures. Just watch a dog whose beloved owner returns home from a trip – the dog jumps for joy. † (Arnold, Jennifer. Through a Dog's Eyes. 2010. ) Any dog who loves their owner would do that, which is enough proof to show that the dog is feeling an emotion: happiness. Studi es even show that it seems to be that a dog will behave a certain way depending on their owner’s emotion, as if they can somehow sense or understand what we feel. Charles Darwin, an English naturalist, also agreed with those who believed animals have emotions.In his book, â€Å"The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals,† he records every expressive movement he observed in animals. For almost every observation, it included the entire appearance of the face and the appearance of the dog’s tail, which seemed to reflect what emotion the dog was feeling. For example, Darwin noticed that when dogs want attention they tend to rub against or lick their owners, they slightly wag their tail, and also lower their ears to exclude any noise and concentrate on only their owner’s affection.As I mentioned in the last paragraph, emotion was one thing that changed animal behavior. Not only does the aging process affect the physical appearances of an individual, but it also affects people and dogs mentally. Like humans, dogs age too and the older they become they begin acting and feeling like their age. As a child, everyone is always so full of energy and as we get older we seem to get lazier and loss interest in everything around us; well the same goes for dogs. Some of us become handicapped, lose hair, and our senses just become weaker.The aging process does not affect all dogs though, for there have been dogs at ten years of age who have not had any physical or mental incapacitation, while others suffer internal organ failure, failing senses, or orthopedic problems. It mainly depends on dog breeds, health, and simply just luck. It turns out that dogs are the most common victims of animal cruelty, with the percentage of 64. 5%. (â€Å"Animal Cruelty† Most Common Victims. 2. Humanesociety. org accessed October 15, 2012). Animal cruelty, both physical abuse and neglect, is a huge factor that changes dog’s behavior.It also reflect s back on the topic of emotion, since neglecting dogs can cause extreme sadness or depression (which affects their behavior). Three to four million dogs and cats are euthanized, or killed, every year and five to seven million are usually put in animal shelters. (Sutherlin, Emily. â€Å"Animal Cruelty: Facts, Prevention, Statistics, and Action. † 1. Nowpublic. com accessed October 15, 2012). These numbers are due to the overpopulation of pets in America. Only 10% of dogs in shelters are spayed/neutered, which causes female dogs to produce puppies and lead to more dogs in shelters.Most of these dogs in shelters aren’t adopted because caring for a dog is just too much responsibility. The average cost of basic necessities for dogs (food, medical supply, training, etc. ) is around six hundred to nine hundred dollars a year and because of these high prices, people are practically forced to return their dog to a shelter. (ASPCA, â€Å"Pet Statistics. † Last modified 20 10. Accessed October 29, 2012. aspca. org). Having those dogs in shelters is abuse, because they have them locked up in cages, and with so many dogs to watch not all of them get the amount of attention that is necessary.There are many other types of abuse that people might not even consider as neglect. Emaciation, obesity, dehydration, cuts, bruises, burns, lack of grooming, parasite infestations, abnormal urination, and defecation are all signs of neglect (Sutton, Emma Riley Sutton, eHow contributor, â€Å"Signs of Neglect in Dogs. † Accessed October 14, 2012. www. eHow. com). If you see dogs with these symptoms, they have most likely been abused by their owners. When dogs are abused it can affect them both physically and mentally.Those symptoms include: submissive urinating, hand-shyness, cowering, mistrust, social withdrawal, depression, aggression, and even separation anxiety with a new owner (Bettmann, Theresa Bettmann, eHow contributor, â€Å"Mental Effects of Abuse on a Dog. † Accessed October 14, 2012. www. eHow. com). Communication, another way of changing behavior, is the way people express each other’s thoughts, feelings, and information to one another and comprehending it easily. As Debra Horwitz say, â€Å"Communication is a behavior. † (Kesling, Joyce. CDBC, â€Å"Canine Communication. † Last modified 2005.Accessed October 29, 2012. Responsibledog. net). We humans all speak, although not all of us understand each other because different cultures speak different languages (Spanish, English, French, etc. ). Animals have their own system of communication, or it can be thought of as them having their own language. Communication allows us to understand what others are saying. Without knowing, there is a sense of panic and vulnerability because you have no idea what is going on around you and going back to the previous paragraphs, feeling a certain way causes a certain behavior.Through research I found that there are three components to communication: 1) the person sending the message, 2) the person receiving the message, and 3) the communication signal (Kesling, Joyce. CDBC, â€Å"Canine Communication. † Last modified 2005. Accessed October 29, 2012. Responsibledog. net). So, when an owner and dog cannot communicate it is difficult to know why your dog is acting a certain way. For example, if a dog starts whimpering or yelping, it could be trying to tell us it is in pain or distress.If a dog starts growling, it can be taken as threat, unless it is a playful growl. Dogs also use their body postures as a form of communication, also known as communicating visually. (Kesling, Joyce. CDBC, â€Å"Canine Communication. † Last modified 2005. Accessed October 29, 2012. Responsibledog. net). For example, when a dog has their ears flattened back and has their tail lowered in between their legs, that shows they are frightened. Along with humans, our body language is also a way that allows us to communicate with other people.If a student is sitting straight, has their eyes on the board, and is taking notes it sends a message to the teacher that the student is paying attention. There are also other types of communication between humans, which would be formal (where most people use a type of business or corporation speaking format) and informal (which is where people have more unrestrained conversations); and although it isn’t completely discovered yet, there might be the possibility of different types of communication between dogs, since there are several different barks, howls, and growls made among the conversation of a group of dogs.Although there are several differences between us and dogs, there also seems to be a great amount of similarities that can help us figure out more about domesticated animals. As you can see, emotions, aging, and communication are all prime examples. Scientists have a hard time telling why animals behave a certain way because we canno t just simply go up to a dog and ask them due to lack of communication.But, little by little we get closer to this information through assumption, common sense, and observation because even though we are not a hundred percent sure, the explanation is pretty clear. The dog is not as much of a complex animal as we thought. In fact, it seems to me that the dog is the one animal that we understand the most, but the one animal we have so much more to learn about. After all, a man’s best friend should be someone we truly know about.

Cinema Manager Induction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Cinema Manager Induction - Essay Example Also ensuring the workers and management practices conform to a variety of regulations. Other behavior comprises managing the approach to employee benefits and recompense, employee records and personnel policies. These policies are frequently in the form employee manuals, which all employees ought to have (Clark, 2002). HRM can also be helpful because managing people well may pressure so lots of outcomes in an organisation, such as productivity, output, employee participation and investor return, these are all significant to the stakeholders, organisation itself, employees, stockholders, customers and society. Star Cinema Ltd has over 16 theater sites in the U.K. and has more than 1500 employees. The company is looking to expand its business from January 2005 when it acquires more building sites. This will mean employing additional labour in the region of 120 to 130 people. An induction suggestion has been shaped for Entertainment Media Ltd. An induction is an tremendously significant part of the process as it assist to raise issues on health and safety. Statistically additional accidents occur with new employees and this joint with the dangers inside the building industry means it is areas which have to be completely addressed (Fitz-enz, J., 2004). Each novel staff member has dissimilar, and occasionally unique, induction needs. This may be due to individual factors or preceding experience factors. It is so significant that every new staff member's induction programmed be tailored to get together their person needs. It also means that it is not possible to expect or lodge each require, so individuals have to recognise that they have liability for their own induction programmes (Fitz-enz, J., 2000). Study of Cinema The reading of cinema at the university level has turn out to be ever more central in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australasia, located in a number of disciplines such as the history of art, languages and literatures, communications, and up-and-coming work on the histories of accumulation technologies (film among them). At the same time, approaches to film studies which have taken their cue from fictional analyses (formalism, semiotics, auteur, and type theory) have lately seen the challenge of latest intellectual work in the form of "cultural studies," an umbrella word for a crowd of imbricate dangerous projects such as feminism, surprising theory, race studies, post structuralisms, and materialist analyses. This come across, of film studies and cultural studies, is the theme of this collection of essays concerning cinema, by the questions of cultural studies at the forefront (Robbins, S.P.; 2004). This impression demonstrates the wide variety of optimistic impacts local cinemas have on their communities. The sites foster a sense of place and give a center for the local community, whilst ornamental local educational life from side to side the provision of mainstream and/or

Case Analysis on Hornell Brewing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Case Analysis on Hornell Brewing - Essay Example Canadian competitors Financial, Market 15. Academe Social, Reputation 6. Native Americans Financial, Legal, Reputation 16. The Local Community Financial, Market Stability 7. Lawyers of Chinese investors Financial, Legal 17. The Global Community Financial, Market Stability 8. Chinese investing public Financial 18. Future Generations Financial, Market Stability, Social 9. Canadian entrepreneurs Financial 19. American competitors Financial, Market Stability, Social 10. American Entrepreneurs Financial 20. Legal, Social a.) Please identify two pairs of stakeholders with opposing interests/stakes and describe briefly how they conflict. The Chinese investors want them to be represented by Chinese nationals as they do business in Canadian and American soil. This, in turn, will have a conflicting interest with Canadian and American representatives because this would mean taking away jobs from them. Also, one aspect of the business is that Chinese investors are looking for start-up businesses that involve natural resources project and take them over. This presents conflict to Canadian and American interests because Chinese are not known to be respectful of the environment when they conduct evident with the disregard of their industrial plants to environment back in China. What makes the issue worrisome is that these Chinese investors are looking for Chinese nationals who might connived with them comparing to Canadian and American representatives who have genuine regard for the Canadian and American environment because it is their environment. b.) Please identify two pairs of stakeholders with shared interests/stakes and describe briefly how they might benefit from coordinating their interests. The Chinese investors and their representatives have a common interest of making money in the projects that they will be involved in. The investors return for their investments and the representatives, stability of employment and there could even be bonuses. Using information from the case, propose recommendations for possible business activities that promote LONG-TERM enrichment for each of the following stakeholders: customers Chinese investors must ensure that they follow all the government regulations about using the natural resources in their projects. News about abuse in the environment can make Canadian and American customers jittery and they are not that tolerant to environment abuse compared to Chinese. shareholders Chinese investors must make sure that their business practices are ethical and legal to make their fellow shareholders feel confident about their business in foreign soil (Canada and America). If the investors get involved in any form of environmental abuse, investors will divert their investors to other business. the natural environment It is highly suggested that Chinese investors be represented by local Canadians and Americans for the general public become more confident about their operations that involve the environment. Also, their operations will have a greater probability that it is in accordance with Canadian and American laws because of the representatives’ familiarity not only with the local law but also on the local perspective on how to treat the environment. Chinese are not known for being sensitive about the environment. the local community Chinese investors must be transparent in their operations to have the confidence of local community. If the local community protests their presence and operation, it would make their business very difficult. It may even

Midterm Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Midterm - Term Paper Example This concept of state could have led the division of the whole world into states which triumph as a form of political organization. Although they could be universal they could not clearly be the only political actors due to impacts of organizations, for example, International Monetary Fund and the Microsoft. The political process comprises of establishing the priorities and the scale of policies, goals values and interests within and among political communities. The nature and quality development of, political community, varies due to how differences in potential values, interests and values could be handled. This could be through rules, institutions and procedures. The creative tension between conflicting interests, values, interest and preferences could distinguish the political communities. On the other hand, there could be consensus and communal ties on orientation and key features of political community. The work of the democratic process would be to find a balance between the t wo sides of the equation. A life or death situation could emerge through debates and different views on cases of the political community. The emergence could be evoked in times of war or during external or internal attacks among the member of a community. The threat to the community could be true although total consensus could be maintained before the essence of real danger. This could reveal how dictatorship was born thousands of the year back. The birth of dictatorship could be justified today by the imposition of a single opinion on various issues at the end of a real political community. If the conflicts systematically predominate, over the agreement on primary goals and procedures the political community becomes inefficient and could be threatened by a breakdown. Past and current experience could have taught other way of domestic political order to dynamic function of democracy. LIST B: QUESTION 1 AGE OF THE EMPIRE Huntley (22) refers to the period between 1875 and 1914 as the Age of the Empire. This is not only due to the fact that a new strain of imperialism emerged during this time, but also because of a very archaic reason. It was period during which the number of rulers who viewed themselves (officially) or viewed by western scholars as worthy of the â€Å"emperor† tag was the highest. In Europe the rulers of Austria, Germany, Turkey, Russia and (in their glory as rulers of India) Britain laid claim to this title. Of the five, India/Britain and Germany emerged in the 1870s, and they more than made up for the decline and disappearance of Napoleon’s â€Å"Second Empire†. Outside Europe, rulers of Japan, Persia, China and- maybe with a broader attribute of global diplomatic courtesy- Morocco and Ethiopia were gradually allowed this tag, while up until 1899 Brazil had an American emperor. By 1987, Japan was the only country that could still be said to have a super-monarch, but its political influence and profile had already waned sig nificantly (Huntley 39). The military and economic supremacy of capitalist nations had lacked serious challengers for a very long time, but there were no planned attempts made to extend this to formal annexation, administration and conquest between the latter years of the 18th century and the last 25 years of the 19th century. However, from 1880 to 1914 they were made, and a majority of countries

Bounded Rationality Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bounded Rationality - Assignment Example Bounded rationality is a decision-making theory developed by Simon Herbert which postulates that the rationality of the decision maker is limited by a number of factors such as the amount of information available to the individual, the constraint of time among other factors. Simon identified three difficulties which people face while making a decision. To begin with, there is the difficulty of limited knowledge of any particular decision which the person may make. Because of this, a person may not be able to optimally know the best decision to make at a certain time because they do not know the range of outcomes (negative or positive) which will emanate from the decision. The second difficulty a decision maker may face is the fact that even for those consequences which they may be able to predict, there is no guarantee that the outcome will be exactly the same as anticipated by the decision maker. The third constraint is the constraint of the number of options which the decision make r can use. Simon’s model stands in sharp contrast to Charles Lindblom’s theory which used incrementalism to explain decision making (Simon, p. 38). As the author says â€Å"Simon's model of bounded rationality also stands in sharp contrast to the rational choice model. In its purest form, this model assumes that individuals making decisions know their preferences, are able to consider all possible alternatives and can anticipate the full set of consequences that will flow from each alternative† (Simon, p38). However, according to Simon â€Å"Whatever model might be employed by decision makers in an ideal world, satisfaction seems to be the one most of them use in the real world† (Simon, p. 39).

Relationships with Grandparents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Relationships with Grandparents - Essay Example One study suggests that grandparents â€Å"are thought to exert influence is in adolescent and young adult grandchildren’s identity development† (Wise, 2010, p. 57). I would have to agree with this statement since there are various things about me in which I can point out to be my grandparents’ influence, and there are also a lot of events from my adolescent years in which I was able to appreciate family ties because of them. Furthermore, the generational gap between grandchildren and grandparents can be a tool in establishing a balanced relationship, while parents are busy working for the needs of the families. Grandparents can be very tolerating with our acts, especially if they live far from where our parents live. However, some of us failed to see their effort of bringing the essence of a complete family. As what Wise (2010) points out, the mediating roles of grandparents are evident when the child wants to visit the grandparents, accompanied by his mother or father. This is especially important since children from divorced parents need more social support. They could be a potential emotional counselor since they have more experience than their grandchildren, and consequently teach them how to handle things in a mature way. The role of the grandparents in the family, and the social structure as a whole is crucial in a way that they are in between being caregivers for their grandchildren and at the same time, needing care for themselves.

Human Resource Management in a London Public Hospital Essay

Human Resource Management in a London Public Hospital - Essay Example UK has shortage of health workers of different specializations. Nonetheless, considerable improvements can still be achieved if the governments work in line with the management of the institutions to create an organizational climate to attract the employees. The use of tools such as the HRM Rapid Assessment Tool will enable the HR department to understand the appropriate adjustments that can be applied. This is the major tool to be used by the HR department at this hospital. The HR director will involve other stakeholders and the government to respond according to the outcomes of this analysis. Human Resource Management in a London Public Hospital Introduction The human resource in any given organization is one of the fundamental assets necessary for effective operations of the organization (Bhutoria, n.d). The service and product users of any organization are showing increasing concern on the quality of these services and the product. The quality of service may be determined by a co mparison between what the user expected of the service provider and what eventually is received (Parasuraman & Zeithaml, 2002, p.340). Various measures are necessary to ensure that these needs of the service users are met as necessitated by the stated objectives, goals, and mission of the organization. Nonetheless, effective management of the human capital will be the foundation towards the intended achievement (Walker, 2008, p.96). The users of services in the public sector are often many so that they need to be attended as fast as possible. Due to large number of service users, there may be heavy workloads on the health workers. A solution to these emerging issues can be solved through an effective human resource management. A good government will be established if there is a good design for the management of people (Berman et al, 2009). Human resource management refers to ‘the integrated use of systems, policies, and practices required to provide the necessary range of func tions to plan, produce, deploy, manage, train, and support the workforce’ (USAID, 2012). The human resource management in the health sector is concerned with how the health workers are incorporated into the health systems and how they can be motivated to utilize optimally their competencies in the service delivery. There is a need for an integration of different human resource functions and responsibilities to overcome the weaknesses that have been recorded in this management in the past. Some management tools have been developed that can be integrated into a given health system to improve the operations and raise the quality of healthcare services. Tools such the HRM Rapid Assessment Tool, and the HRH Action Framework can be used for effective human resource management. Challenges in HRM in the public service - focus on health sector The major challenge in human resource management in the public sector is the recruitment and retention of qualified professionals aggravated by the high level of competition from the private sector (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA/DPADM), 2005). The difficulty in the recruitment process is caused by lack of qualified professionals and specialists in different areas of the health sector (Aijala, n.d, p.8). The UK Visa Bureau (2012) has listed healthcare

Read the Ford Case Study and answer the 3 questions assigned Essay

Read the Ford Case Study and answer the 3 questions assigned - Essay Example This cash position seemed much more considerable when compared to the company’s $57 billion market capitalization in the year 2000. This cash accumulation seemed humongous and it needed proper allocation of this cash reserve to make sure that the company progresses smoothly and steadily in future. The cash position was almost half of the market capitalization i.e. the market value of the company at that time. The company’s directors decided to use the Value Enhancement Plan to distribute the cash amongst its shareholders. The alternatives for cash distribution would have been: Investing those funds into other profitable investments/ventures. Capital Expenditure i.e. by buying any machinery/equipment that can be used within the business for a long period of time. The Value Enhancement Plan (VEP) was designed to distribute cash amongst the shareholders of the company. Under the VEP, the existing shareholders would exchange their common or Class B share type one-for-one fo r a new share of the same type. Besides that, the shareholders had the right to receive $20 cash or $20 cash equivalent shares based upon the market value of the shares as on July 2000. The aim of the VEP was to ensure better flexibility, liquidity and alignment for its shareholders.

Debut albums, Life Essay Example for Free

Debut albums, Life Essay This is a phrase, a philosophy phrase that is about living, daily living. But what do you think it really means or should we say what is the hidden meaning about it? Why just living is not enough? Living is not enough because we need to experience all the things we can. Simple as to explore the world or the things that was given to us by our beloved GOD. We need to experience all good, better and best, bad, worse and worst. From worst to best to know what the word LIFE truly means. It also doesnt mean we need to do crimes in order to experience bad things, its just like problems, wounds and etc. We and I consider it as bad things because I dont like any of that happen to me. Just living is not enough†¦. We need to explore and find the true meaning of life. He who hesitates is probably right. This is a philosophy that we can use daily, why? Because this is about decision making. And we always make decision in every aspect of our life. As a student I can relate in this because of our recitations in school. We always hesitate before we raise our hands to answer. We will suddenly know that our or my answer is right because someone answers it. And its too late to get the credit. The philosophy above is trying to teach or to tell us that if we have ideas, share it, tell it, explain it because we will never know if our ideas is right if we dont try it. Not only for students but all individuals around the globe. Human life is purely a matter of deciding whats important to you. This Philosophy is saying human life always choose whats important to you. But why? All individuals are different from each other, different tastes, likes, dislikes and many more. But we all have similarities, we always choose whats important to us in every problem that comes in our life. For some instances, family problems like marriage and your family doesn’t want your fiance or fiancee, you will decide whats MORE important to you your family or your love one? If you choose your family, then go and its also the same if you choose your love one. I understand in this philosophy that this our instict that we always choose whats important to us but it never assures us that what is important will be the best for us. Only friends can answer your calls everytime of day that matter. This is a simple philosophy that is about friendship. If we first read it, we will quickly understand what it means. But what do we understand? We all know we have many friends in our life, friends in school, friends in the neighborhood and many more. We also know not all friends are real, just like this saying says Some friends are gold and some friends are silver. The philosophy above is trying to tell us that only TRUE and REAL friends can answer your calls no matter what your problem is. The friends that are there for you no matter what. No matter what time of day it is, you could call them and theyd be there for you. And its true, they are the ones that matter. The people who you can really rely on to be there for you are the ones that should matter in your life.

Physics of Soccer Essay Example for Free

Physics of Soccer Essay For my topic I chose to explain some of the physics involved in the sport of soccer. I chose soccer because I have played it my whole life and it is one of my favorite sports. I thought it would be interesting to learn about some of the physics involved in something that I do almost everyday and has been a big part of my life for as long as I can remember. My poster depicts the physics involved in kicking, the ball rolling across the field, and bending the ball. Kicking a soccer ball involves transferring kinetic energy, or movement, from your leg to the ball. The energy you apply into the ball combines with the stored energy already present combining to create a velocity that is even faster than the object that hit it (your leg). Factors such as initial velocity of the ball (if it wasn’t stopped) and air resistance as well as the speed at which your leg hits the ball all also contribute to the velocity of the ball. As the ball rolls down the field its momentum is slowed by opposite forces acting on it called friction. The longer the grass on the field that you are playing, the greater the friction will be. This is why grass is kept short on soccer fields, to reduce the interference friction has on the speed at which the ball moves. Bending the ball involves many different factors and physics concepts. As you kick the ball slightly off center you create a horizontal spin. This causes the air on one side of the ball to move more quickly than the other. The side with the faster moving air has less pressure than the side with the slower moving air causing the ball to bend. While there were many concepts and topics involved in the sport of soccer I chose my favorites and the ones I found most interesting. I especially like the explanation of why the ball bends when you hit it a certain way because that is one of my favorite things to do.

Freud and Eysencks Theories of Crime

Freud and Eysencks Theories of Crime Freud Eysencks Theory of Crime Crime Introduction By studying the work of criminologist’s Freud and Eysenck, this essay will consist of me looking at key psychological factors, I will look at the strengths and limitations of their personality theories of crime. I will put forward a wide range of explanations, by studying the work of the criminologists and trying to understand the causes of crime, for example psychological issues. Psychology relates to the study of peoples’ mind. Psychological theories of crime look at the differences in individual behaviour and how that makes it more likely for individuals to commit a criminal act. The reason for these differences may be due to personality characteristics, biological factors, or social connections. (Freud, S. 1961) Psychodynamic explanations of crime and criminal behaviour have their origins, by looking at the significant work of Sigmund Freud (1956-1939). The psychoanalytical model developed by Freud in which he believes that a human progresses, early in life. Freud comes to say the human personality has three sets of interacting forces. These include the id, the ego and the superego. These are three components in a human personality that initiate them to behave in the manner they do and make individuals what they are. Firstly the id which is believed to be primitive, which supply’s unconscious drives for food and sex. The id triggers humans to do all the things that feel good, regardless if they are wrong. A child who is cries when they are hungry, this is the id triggering the child for the needs to be met. Secondly, is the superego which contains the conscience. According to Freud the superego consists of values and morals internalised through a person’s life. The super ego merges between the id and ego. It helps individuals feel good about something they have done right and feel guilty for something they have done wrong. Thirdly, the ego or the conscious personality, this personality component helps humans face reality by adjudicating between the other two components id and superego. Ego helps individuals not to follow every desire they have which is created by the id. This component allows the principle of reality which guides improper sexual and aggressive drives to suitable intentions. The ego is something that is learnt. Freud believes humans are born with their id. Freud believes the id holds importance to the personality, for example the id allows a newborn to get its needs met by crying. The id is set on getting pleasure; the id wants whatever feels good despite the outcome of the situation being bad. By looking at the example of a child who will cry to meet his satisfactions, this is a good way to explain how the id works; the id will speak until the needs are met. The id just wants to meet its own satisfaction without any consideration about reality. Looking at babies who are inconsiderate to their parents, weather there parents are sleeping eating etc if they want something they will cry for it until they get it. This shows if the id wants something, noting else is important. During the child developing through life the second component of the personality develops. This is known as the ego, the ego looks at the reality theory. Not like the id the ego is more considerate it understands feeling and emotions of others and takes them into account. Therefore the ego meets the needs of the id, at the same time looking at the reality of the condition. By the time a child is five the development of the third personality component develops. Freud called this Superego. The superego is seen as the honest part of humans. It determines what is right or wrong by looking the moral and ethical barriers placed by people around us. The ego according to Freud is the most powerful component. Freud believes that the ego complies with the desires of the id and the superego. At the same time the ego relates on the factors of reality. Freud believed that if the id gets a strong desire and self satisfaction obtains an individuals life. The stronger the superego is, the more an individual will be driven to harsh ethics. By looking at the development of the superego, is it said that the superego acts on the ego. The superego is believed to internally have rules and punishments; the superego praises and punishes the child in the same way as the parents. This then builds up to the child learning what is right and wrong. The id works for pleasure and superego wants control; the relationship with parents is seen as important. Assumed that the failure to develop a superego was the result of the parents being unloving or absent for much of the child’s upbringing (Aichhorn, 1963). Nevertheless having parents who are kind and caring could have the same effect. Freud’s theory concludes around the idea that inner, dynamic forces influence human behaviour. On the other hand Eysenck was one in many psychologists to study personality. Eysenck’s personality theory was different. Eysenck based it upon psychological concepts of conditioning whereas Freud’s theory was based on conscience, but Eysenck viewed the concept very differently. Eysenck believes there is a biological basis to personality. Were individuals are genetically predestined. Eysenck believes individuals tend to learn the rules and norms of society through conscious. This is obtained through happenings in life, when involved in certain situations. He goes on to say the good receive rewards and the bad or unexpected are punished. Eysenck also believes there are three dimensions to a personality. Firstly extraversion which is said to have two components impulsiveness and sociability, each of which are independent of each other. Eysenck looked at extroversion as individuals who enjoy ‘positive events’ especially social events, they are seen to enjoy involvement in gatherings e.g. parties. They enjoy mixing in with others and talking rather then being on their own. Extraverts are seen to ‘fade’ if they are on their own or bored. People who are extraverts enjoy interacting with other and are seen to be assertive and talkative. Extraversion in individuals allows them to spend more time with people and less time on their own. They are seen to have a more positive approach and are more energised when people are around. They are seen to take risks and hold leadership abilities. Low extraversion is expressed as introversion. This is totally opposite to extroversion. Example of introverts are writers, artist etc. People with high introversion are only concerned and interested in their own psychological life. Introverts enjoy spending time on there own, for example they enjoy reading and writing rather than engaging in activities such as social gatherings. Introverts are seen to be ‘low key’. Introverts enjoy observing situations before they take part, they allow themselves to concentrate on a certain activity or person before they get involved or take part in another. Introverts should not be considered as shy people, due to them as individuals enjoying time spent by themselves; they don’t hold fear of mixing in with people. Due to there own preference they enjoy time spent on their own. Eysenck referred neuroticism or instability to individuals who have negative emotions, such as people who are moody, anxious, and highly insensitive. Stability then is the lack of this behaviour. Individuals with high N are seen as neurotic; whereas someone with a low score would be see as stable. Eysenck found that women are more neurotic than men. Little (1963) carried out research by comparing the scores for convicted young offenders on the extroversion and neuroticism scope with those who are non-offenders. The outcome of his research was that there was no difference in relation to extroversion but the offenders scored higher on the neuroticism dimension. Neither element showed the relation of replicate offending. Eysenck (1977) agues that different combinations of different personality scopes within people influence their capability to learn not to offend and therefore the level of offending someone with a high E and high N equal a stable introvert. Introverts are seen as the most effectively conditioned. Eysenck found that stable extroverts and neurotic introverts come somewhere between the two limits in provisions such as conditioning. Sigmund Freud defined psychoanalysis as â€Å"a method of mind investigation, and especially of the unconscious mind† (Freud 1920). Looking at the relationship between psychoanalysis and crime, Freud created the psychoanalytic theory; this theory is used in criminology to explain crime. Freud’s psychoanalytic theory is based on the fact that individuals welfare of a strong relation between the id, ego and superego. However Freud never had much to say about crime. This theory is based on the basis of why crime is committed, and the reasons for crime within an individual. Freud based it on the fact that crime is caused by e.g. conflict in individual’s early life that leads them to become criminals. Freud’s theory suggests that individuals with anti-social tendencies, in the unconscious of there mind, they tend to think back to traumatic events in their early life, which causes long term psychological problems. Another reason why Freud believes individuals become criminals and start committing crimes is due to the id getting out of control. Freud went on to say that there are three possible reasons for individuals to commit crime which relate to his theory are: Strong conscious – which creates guilt within individuals Weak conscious – which does not control individual desires and Criminal needs for instant pleasure. Freud’s theory suggests that individuals may have tension or disagreements in their mind which lead to guilt. As a result they gain views and feelings inside that make them wanting to be punished. He feels unconscious differences reason crime. Displacement according to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory is when an individual’s desire changes from something that is wrong or intolerable to something that is right and suitable. For example when something does not go right for someone i.e. exam: and the pupil feels angry at the teacher due to them asking hard, difficult questions. The pupil knows that they can’t say anything to the teacher and to take they anger out they take it out on someone closer to them i.e. there little brother. This allows individuals not to commit crime and control their feelings and urges and carry out their anger in not a criminal manner. Freud expresses repression as the procedure to condemnation. He believes that people have memories, urges, etc but these feelings are hard or unacceptable to think about, individuals tend to take them out there mind and conscious and not think about them. This is what Freud expressed repression as, which is comparable to suppression. Theories of over control start with the view that crime and criminality are: subjective, meaning there is confliction between them as the definition changes over time. Over control relates to the concern of criminalisation, and why individuals become selected criminals and why individuals react different to them. Over control is a theory that society can make, adjust or remove rules which have been placed. The development of a criminal personality can be due to the way a child had been bought up from an early age. This could lead to the child developing a criminal personality when the child becomes older. Freud planned two different models of criminal behaviour. He firstly looked at the types of criminal activity e.g. arson shoplifting etc. he looked at his theory psychosexual development and believed that the disruption of psychic development which may easily be disrupted, leading to neuroses. He believed that people affected at anyone or more of theses periods in childhood may be the reason for criminal behaviour in later life. Freud believes that psychosexual development of a child is the inspiration or impact of the parents, the impact of the parents is seen to be unconscious. Freud believed that both parents and child are not conscious of the influence they have on each other, therefore he believed that there is less chance of parents producing children that offend. Secondly Freud’s model of criminal behaviour was the offenders acquire a weak conscious. Freud stated that the progress on the conscious is essentially significant on the upbringing of the child. He sees morals are closely linked to guilt, and those individuals who have an unconscious guilt are the ones who are most liable to be part of criminal behaviour. Aichhorn (1925) argued that the birth of a child has certain natural desires that want satisfactions. A child is unaware and unaffected by the values of society surrounding the child. The parents therefore should bring the child to a social state. If the upbringing of the child is ineffective the child remains asocial. This could lead to actual offending behaviour. He believed that individuals with fully developed conscious but had parents who were criminals themselves. Secondly there were those who had been allowed to do whatever they wanted by weak parents. I think that psychoanalysis can be used to explain types of serial killing or mental disorders. I feel that individuals who kill people or suffer from a mental illness is due to past experiences they experienced, therapists use psychoanalysis in order to retrieve into the unconscious mind of an individual. They get individuals to talk about what comes into there head and studying the dreams of the individual, the therapist than makes the individual aware of things that are going occurring in there mind that they are unconscious of. Theorists believe the unconscious mind is strange. They believe that individuals cannot work out there problems themselves, which lead to other people sorting out there issues. The criticism of this theory is that people believe that Freud theory is too simple to explain the density of the human mind; Freud overstated sex and was seen to be sexiest. Looking at his theory was a feminist approach, Freud theories were believed to be essentially from a male viewpoint with his own self-analysis. He hardly integrated female viewpoints into his theories. Looking at the relationship between Eysenck’s personality theory and crime, Eysenck believes by looking at traditional theory there is no therapy of behavioural disorders. Eysenck’s theory of criminal behaviour puts together biology, social and individual features. Children who are socialised and bought up the right way, makes the child aware of the right and wrong things, they will then keep away from activities that will have consequences Eysenck believes children control there own impulses. Eysenck believes individual’s behaviour is inner initiative and motivation. Looking at personality and criminal behaviour it is believed that life alone can not justify why individuals turn to crime. Eysenck said that children that are born with criminal features or due to experiences that lead them to be criminals. Criminal doings are seen as inner desired which are not fulfilled (sublimation). Eysencks theory has been criticized due to a great amount of doubt and ambiguity regarding the validity and trueness of his theory. Farrington (1994) however proposed the approach taken seems to at least indentify a discrete connection involving offending and impulsiveness. Though Farrington found no significant connection with personality. Eysenck study on anti social behavior has not yet been fully tested. Conclusion By looking at the work of both criminologists Eysenck and Freud, I feel that the more research should be done on the causes of crime in the future, by looking at the critics of both theorist it has been said that Freud being sexist and the ambiguity of Eysenck work could not really clarify why individuals behave the way they do. I feel that more research should be put into the work of researchers. Looking at psychodynamic and behavioural learning traditions a criminal mind or personality does exist. References Aichorn, A. (1963). Wayward Youth. NY: Viking. Farrington, D. (1994). Psychological Explanations of Crime. Dartmouth: Aldershot. Freud, S. (1941). Criminals from a Sense of Guilt pp. 332-33 Vol. 14 The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud. London: Hogarth Press. Freud, S. (1961). The Complete Works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 19). London: Hogarth. Little, A. (1963). An Introduction to Criminological Theory: Second edition, Roger Hopkins Burke.

Cyber Security Policies and Defense Contractors Essay -- Cyberspace Po

Abstract Cyber security policies in the private sector have been a challenging issue for major defense contractors, especially after recent attacks. As a result, the U.S. increased its strict enforcement against these companies by justifying its intervention to improve cyber security. The government would like to impose standards for companies who lack the proper protocol. Due to the revised and new procedures, corporations are responding by rejecting any congressional intervention. This has caused major friction in the relationship between the government and industry. The executive, judicial and legislative branch believes its responsibility is to provide cyber security capabilities to protect all information at contractor facilities. On the other hand, companies believe their current structure will provide the best protection for their clients. In addition, businesses believe their not being compensated enough by the government for the responsibility they have taken on. As these issues continue to arise, lawmakers have taken drastic measures to implement policies that will allow them to oversee their cyber security practices. Introduction Past and recent cyber attacks like Wiki Leaks have prompted the United States government to make drastic modifications to its cyber security policies. Various regulations are, have been and will be put in place to meet the growing problems within the cyber realm. The Cyberspace Policy Review is one plan to evaluate all U.S. strategies pertaining to cyber security. This review will include many procedures that handle security, operations, incident response and recovery. New and existing policies are being revised to meet the requirement set by U.S. government. As a result, the privat... ...o overcome these obstacles, both entities will need to establish a partnership that will assist each other in securing their classified and highly sensitive information. It is imperative that corporations adhere to the rules and regulations outlined by the federal government to prevent cyber attacks and information lost. Although private sector disagrees with these new regulations, the government still believes these policies will benefit the industry tremendously. If these two entities work together, they can provide resources between both domains to help eliminate the rise in cyber attacks. Even though hack events will continue to rise, the government can reduce the amount of cyber attacks with experience security professionals and open communication. These modifications will help prevent further attacks before they occur and defend against others when they occur.

Alfred Tennyson And His Work :: essays research papers fc

Alfred Tennyson and His Work Alfred Tennyson was born on August 6th, 1809, at Somersby, Lincolnshire, fourth of twelve children of George and Elizabeth Tennyson. Tennyson, said to be the best poet of the Victorian era and his poetry will be discussed in this essay. Tennyson had a lifelong fear of mental illness, because several men in his family had a mild form of epilepsy, which then was thought of as a shameful disease. His father and brother Arthur made their epilepsy worse by excessive drinking. His brother Edward had to be put in a mental institution after 1833, and he spent a few weeks himself under doctor's care in 1843. In the late twenties his father's physical and mental condition got worse, and he became paranoid, abusive, and violent. In 1827 Tennyson escaped his troubled home when he followed his two older brothers to Trinity College, Cambridge, where his teacher was William Whewell. Because each of them had won university prizes for poetry the Tennyson brothers became well known at Cambridge. In 1829 The Apostles, an undergraduate club, invited him to join. The members of this group would remain Tennyson's friends all his life. Arthur Hallam was the most important of these friendships. Hallam, a brilliant Victorian young man was recognized by his peers as having unusual promise. He and Tennyson knew each other only four years, but their intense friendship had a major influence on the poet. On a visit to Somersby, Hallam met and later became engaged to Emily Tennyson, and the two friends looked forward to a life-long companionship. Hallam died from illness in 1833 at the age of 22 and shocked Tennyson profoundly. His grief lead to most of his best poetry, including "In Memoriam", "The Passing of Arthur", "Ulysses", and "Tithonus". Since Tennyson was always sensitive to criticism, The bad reviews of his 1832 poems hurt him greatly. Critics in those days took great joy in the harshness of their reviews. John Wilson Croker's harsh criticisms of some of the poems he wrote kept Tennyson from publishing again for another nine years. The success of his 1842 poems made Tennyson a popular poet, and in 1845 he got a government pension of 200 pounds a year, which helped him with his financial difficulties. The success of "The Princess" and "In Memoriam" and his appointment as Poet Laureate in 1850 finally established him as the most popular poet of the Victorian era. By now Tennyson, only 41, had written some of his greatest poetry, but he continued to write and to gain popularity. Prince Albert admired his poetry so much that he would drop by unexpectedly to here some of Tennyson's poetry.

Otto Dix Essay -- Painters Painting Artists Art Etching Essays

Otto Dix Otto Dix was a German painter and etcher, most of whose works were created in World War One, World War Two, and Post War Germany. He was both a successful painter during his life time and political, having many works which commented on German social conditions of the time. He lived through war and created art that told about the horrors he saw it causing. Born in Untermhause, Germany (near Gera) on December 2, 1891, Otto Dix was involved with art most of his life. He apprenticed as a painter and decorator while he was growing up and supported himself as a portrait painter when he became a student at the Dresden School of Arts and Crafts. When World War One began, he volunteered for service in the German Army and saw service first as part of an artillery regiment and then in a machine gun unit. During his first experience with war, Dix saw action on both the Russian and French fronts, earned an Iron Cross (second class), achieved the rank of vice-sergeant-major, and saw horrors that inspired much of his work. After the war, he attended the Dà ¼sseldorf Academy of Art and then returned to the Dresden Academy of Art, this time as a Professor. During this time he produced many works and gained recognition not only in Germany but also in America, having exhibitions displayed throughout Germany and in New York. When the Nazi party rose to power in Germany, they declared the work of many modern artists, including the works of Otto Dix, â€Å"unwholesome†. Dix was dismissed from his professorship at the Dresden Academy by the Nazis and banned from exhibiting. His work was featured in several Nazi displays of â€Å"Degenerate† art including â€Å"Reflection of Degeneracy†, â€Å"The Spirit of November: Art in the Service of Demoralization†, both ... ...by Movement: Die Neue Schlichkeit. Artcyclopedia. 26 Jan. 2004 . Dix, Otto. Encyclopedia.com. 26 Jan. 2004 . Neue Sachlichkeit: New Objectivity in the Visual Arts. 26 Jan. 2004 . Otto Dix. 1 Jan. 2002. 26 Jan. 2004 . Otto Dix. 4 May 1998. 26 Jan. 2004 . Otto Dix Article. Arts Zone. 26 Jan. 2004 . Otto Dix. FortuneCity. 26 Jan. 2004 . Otto Dix. Wikipedia. 19:16, 23 Nov. 2003. 26 Jan. 2004 .

Operations Management Essay

Carefully review the assignment scenario/case study. From the limited information in the scenario/case study, along with your answers to the unit three written assignment, identify at least three direct and specific long-term and three direct and specific short term operations changes that Albatross Anchor must make to gain a clear and sustainable competitive advantage (provide detailed information to validate and support each recommended change) Long-Term Operational Changes (01) Building Renovation: Moving the equipment around to make sure that it is better organized. Moving the foundry to where the raw products and finished products are located right now will open up the receiving and shipping. Receiving and shipping now can be one big area with the possibility of adding more equipment to the area which would bring down the delay between the two anchors. If there is a way of dividing the manufacturing area so that the area can make both anchors at the same time instead of having that 36 hour window of changing the equipment. This will cut cost down on the down time and increase the profit margins. (02)Technology: Having up to date technology added to the area will help eliminate some of the equipment that technology could do. Also up to date technology in the administrative offices is important as well so that all employees on the floor and in the offices know what is going on. Having this technology will be safer and faster production. (03)Equipment: Updating the equipment if possible that would do more in less time would help with building up the profit margins. Adding more equipment so that both anchors can be made at the same time will also bring in the profit margins. Moving the equipment around to make room for new or making the foundry and other equipment to divide the manufacturing area to have the area produce both anchors. Short-Term Operational Changes (01)Budgeting: Budgeting the funds around to help upgrade the technology and equipment. And the funds to have more employees. The cost of what will cost to do all the long time and what the company will make after everything is complete. Having a budget will help with what can be done now and what we can see if we can get help or something that will have to wait until funds are available. (02) Employees: All employees new and old know the procedures and rules of the company. What the employees need to do to make it easier of a change. Train them on the new technology and equipment and what needs to be done. Having all employees knows the two types of anchors is very important especially the administrative office when they have callers that have questions and those that are shipping out the anchors. Sending out the wrong anchors to the customers can lead to loss of money and customers. Because of the items not being right they would think that Albatross Anchor is very none organized and more to a company that looks more organized. (03) Update administrative offices: Updating the offices will have the customers that come in want to do business with Albatross Anchor. Trying to have a couple of the administrative staff are knowledgeable in the anchors will help the other administrative staff with training and be the go to for all questions that they may have. Having updated technology the administrative will be able to do a lot more to help with the business and be able to know when delivers are coming and what amount is coming. This way all employees that deal with shipping and receiving will be on the same page. Question Two From the list of ten operational issues in the Unit 6 assignment instructions select four operational issues. For each of the four operational issues explain in detail that operational issue will help Albatross Anchor improve; 1) job retention, 2) employee morale, and 3) employee dedication. Operational Issue One: Cross Training Job retention: Have cross training employees will be able to work in different areas so if an area is short on employees can move someone to the area of shortage to help and keep everything going. This will also give the employees more of an opportunity and look for work if a position opens up. Employee morale: Having employees cross train over in areas will make them feel valuable to the company, which will give positive results in the work environment and in the employees. Employee dedication: Having employees cross train and having them feel valuable will help bring employees continue to work and want to work at Albatross Anchor. Operational Issue Two: Gain sharing and profit sharing Job retention: profit sharing created the employee will benefit of the financial success of Albatross Anchor. With the growth of the company and valuable employees will help with this success. With the employees knowing that they are benefiting from the profit sharing will continue to stay and work hard. Employee Morale: Employees will feel appreciated if they receive financial rewards. Being rewarded of their hard work created positive morals for the employees and the company. Employee Dedication: Employees has personal responsibility for the profit sharing in the company success, especially when all employees benefit when the company is successful. This will create employee dedication. Operational Issue Three: Ergonomics Job retention: Having hard physical labor brings short and long term damages. Ergonomics ensures that workers operate in the most safest and productive ways. Having a company pay attention to workers health will keep employees when they know the company cares about their employees. Employee morale: Working in hard manual labor rises the risk of damage to the employees. Having the employees know that they are working for a company that cares about their well-being will bring employee morale high. Employee dedication: Employees that feel the company is invested in their employees will bring dedication from their employees. Operational Issue Four: Technology and automation: Job retention: Improving the technology and automation will help bring the company safer and a better place to work for. Having this done will bring Albatross Anchor up to date with safety procedures. Employees will feel safe knowing they are working with the latest technology and automation. Employee morale: Workers will take pride in their work when there is an up to date technology and automation. Employee dedication: Employees that work in up to date technology and automation will come to work happy and will be dedicated to the company. Conclusion If the Albatross Anchor takes these long and short term improvements. The company will be a very successful company and many customers will continue to purchase anchors from them, especially if the company are producing both anchors at the same time. Having employees that want to come will also help bring in the success of the company. No one wants to come and work for a company that doesn’t care or show their appreciation in their employees and help with rewards after the company starts getting a profit after the changing of the equipment and moving things around. As long as Albatross Anchor does the changes and upgrades that need to be done and show support and appreciation to their works Albatross Anchor will be a successful company and one that many customers and possible customers will talk about.

Lyndon B. Johnson’s Policies on Vietnam

Part A: Plan of the InvestigationBoth of the American presidents Kennedy and Johnson played essential roles in the Vietnam conflict. Kennedy, supporting the idea of containment, committed the U.S. to support the government of South Vietnam in the early 1960s. After his assassination in 1963, Johnson became the next president, but to what extent did he continue Kennedy’s foreign policy concerning Vietnam?This investigation will therefore compare and contrast Johnson’s and Kennedy’s foreign policies concerning Vietnam, which will be analyzed with references to primary and secondary sources that clearly show the foreign policies of the two presidents. However, more intonation will be put on Johnson’s influence on Vietnam, and how his administration actually decided  to act after Kennedy’s death.Additionally, emphasize will be put on how Johnson greatly deepened the U.S. involvement in Vietnam, after realizing the vast commitment it would take to win the war. This investigation will primarily examine the degree of change in foreign policies of the two presidents towards Vietnam, and not the success or failure of Johnson’s policies.Part B: Summary of EvidenceKennedy’s Foreign policy 1961-1963: Committed the U.S to the Vietnam conflict, due to his support for containment and the domino theory Increased U.S. military advisors from less than 700 men in January 1961 to 16,000 men by November 1963 Financed an increase in the South Vietnamese army from 150,000 to 170,000 men Launched propaganda and political activities to discredit the Viet Cong Drafted the NSAM 273, affirming to continue supporting South Vietnam Lyndon B. Johnson becomes president – 1963:  Also supports containment and the domino theory  Pledges to continue Kennedy’s foreign policy concerning Vietnam and to work with Kennedy’s former advisors Approves NSAM 273Johnson in 1964: Encounters many difficulties and lack of progress part ially due to a confused and ineffective government in South Vietnam Realizes the vast commitment needed to win the war.  Needs an excuse to openly attack North Vietnam and not lose his elections in 1964 Is able to exploit the Tonkin incident of August 1964 and to use it as an excuse: Convinces congress to pass the Tonkin Resolution on August 7th giving him full authority and a blank check to wage war against North Vietnam Uses this resolution to Americanize the war in Vietnam.This resolution set the difference between Johnson’s and Kennedy’s foreign policies The Tonkin Resolution in 1964 caused Johnson’s Foreign policy to change: Johnson was now able to send some 25,000 American combat troops to Vietnam by the end of 1964 Operation Rolling Thunder starting in the spring of 1965 also emerged from this resolution: It was a ongoing bombing campaign and aerial raids against North Vietnam.This operation also demonstrated Johnson’s much greater military commi tment to Vietnam than Kennedy’s, showing It was the first sustained U.S. military operation in Vietnam Johnson finally decided for an open-ended military commitment to Vietnam in 1965 Johnson was ready to provide whatever military support needed to win the war This eventually led to the United States committing more than 500,000 American troops to Vietnam.Par C: Evaluation of Sources:The two sources that are going to be evaluated are Vietnam: Explaining America’s Lost War by Gary Hess and An Album of the Vietnam War by Don Lawson, because they show different perspectives on how the American foreign policy developed towards Vietnam.The origin of the first text Vietnam: Explaining America’s Lost War is a historical book and a secondary source that analyzes the U.S failure in the Vietnam War. The purpose of this text is to analyze the eight steps that deepened the American commitment to South Vietnam, starting with the Kennedy administration.The value of this sourc e is that it gives the readers a good overview on the foreign policies of both Johnson and Kennedy, specifically stating the important decisions of each president. It also highlights all the important events that led to any changes in the American foreign policy towards Vietnam. However, a limitation is that it does not go into great detail and it does not connect the foreign policies of the two presidents, but rather deals with them separately.The origin of the second text An Album of the Vietnam War is a historical book and also a secondary source, attempting to explain Johnson’s foreign policy on Vietnam and how this effected the U.S. involvement. The purpose of this source is to explain how Johnson exploited his power through the Tonkin Resolution, and how this caused a much bigger involvement and commitment in Vietnam. Unlike the first source, this one focuses a lot more on the Tonkin Resolution and sets it as the turning point in the American involvement in Vietnam, sta ting that this event was the foundation for further involvement.The value is that the readers can see and understand why Johnson and his advisors acted as they did, and how they justified their decisions. The main  limitation is that it practically only deals with Johnson’s actions and barely connects to the previous foreign policies of Kennedy. The overview of Johnson’s foreign policy is also quite limited, since the focus is primarily placed on the Tonkin Resolution, where all the other events are stated in relation to it and not independently.Part D: AnalysisDuring his presidency from 1961 until 1963, John F. Kennedy committed the U.S. into the Vietnamese conflict. Being a strong supporter of the â€Å"Domino Theory†, and a strong believer in containment, he made sure to support the South Vietnamese government against the communistic North Vietnam. In his presidency Kennedy was able to greatly increase the military assistance and funding for South Vietnam. Starting with fewer than â€Å"700 men in January 1961†, he was able to increase the U.S. military personnel to â€Å"16,000 by November 1963†. His foreign policy also caused to finance an increase in the size of the South Vietnamese army from â€Å"150,000 to 17000†. Additionally, propaganda and political activities where launched with the purpose of â€Å"discrediting the Viet Cong and building support for the Saigon government†. However after his assassination in November of 1963, the situation changed.Just two hours after Kennedy’s death in 1963, Lyndon Baines Johnson was inaugurated as the U.S. President. However, many of Kennedy’s advisors strongly supported the idea of â€Å"emphasizing continuity with Kennedy’s policies†1. Johnson suddenly becoming the American President â€Å"asked the Kennedy team to remain with him†2. Johnson, like Kennedy, was a strong supporter of containment and believed that the U.S. main foreign policy should be to stop communist expansion. Several days after Kennedy’s death, Johnson approved â€Å"NSAM 273†3, a document drafted during Kennedy’s presidency, which affirmed the American commitment to assist South Vietnam.Just like Kennedy, who was determined to pursue the fight against Communism around the globe and promising to â€Å"pay any price, bear any burden†4, so was Johnson determined to accomplish his predecessor’s objectives stating: â€Å"let us continue†5 in Vietnam. Therefore, it is no surprise that â€Å"Johnson pledged to carry out the policies of the Kennedy administration†6. However Johnson soon realized that the new government of South Vietnam7 seemed confused and ineffective and that bold actions have to be taken in Vietnam since the conflict has reached a stage of â€Å"definitive crisis†8. However, Johnson did not want to risk his success in the upcoming elections in 1964, and needed a good reason to openly attack North Vietnam.The Tonkin Incident â€Å"of August 1964† offered him this opportunity. This â€Å"murky crisis†, where an attack on an American destroyer war reported, provided Johnson with the opportunity of convincing congress to pass the â€Å"Tonkin Gulf Resolution on August 7†, giving Johnson full authority to take all necessary measures, including the â€Å"use of armed force to assist South Vietnam†9. This resolution carried the basis of America’s deeper involvement during Johnson’s Presidency. This also set the difference between Johnson’s and Kennedy’s foreign policies, since with this resolution Johnson was able to â€Å"Americanize† the war in Vietnam. Up until this event Johnson’s foreign policy was quite similar to Kennedy’s, whereas after the resolution his new foreign policies deepened the U.S. involvement in Vietnam to a much larger extent. Already shortly after this r esolution the effects could be seen, since immediate increases in military assistance were ordered, causing: â€Å"some 25,000 American combat troops in Vietnam by 1964†10. Additionally, by the â€Å"spring of 1965†11 there were constant American aerial raids on North Vietnam, which was a part of an operation called â€Å"Rolling Thunder†12. Johnson and his advisors greatly supported this operation in the hope of damaging â€Å"North Vietnam’s war-making infrastructure and its lines of supply†13. This operation which emerged from the Tonkin resolution also set Johnson’s foreign policy apart from Kennedy’s. It was the â€Å"first sustained U.S. military operation in Vietnam†, which demonstrated Johnson’s much greater military commitment to Vietnam then Kennedy’s, whose foreign policy at the time did not include or plan such an operation. This trend of continuously sending more and more American troops continued, wh ich can be clearly seen when Johnson finally decided â€Å"in July of 1965 for an open-ended military commitment†14. Johnson was able to completely â€Å"Americanize†15 this war and rush thousands of ground troops into Vietnam, which was a huge difference to Kennedy’s foreign policy. This can be especially seen when comparing the maximum number of Kennedy’s military advisors of â€Å"16,000 by November 1963†16 with Johnson’s â€Å"500,000 American troops in Vietnam by 1968†. Although Johnson started with a similar foreign policy as Kennedy, he soon realized that this wouldn’t work for winning the  war effectively. Through the Tonkin Resolution Johnson was able to greatly increase the U.S. involvement, leading to events such as Operation Rolling Thunder. After deciding for an open-ended military commitment to Vietnam in 1965, Johnson eventually sent more than half a million American troops to Vietnam by 1968, which was the end of his presidency and clearly showing that his foreign policy was different from Kennedy’s.Part E: ConclusionKennedy’s foreign policy committed the U.S in supporting the government of South Vietnam in the early 1960s, since was a strong believer of containment and the domino theory. His foreign policy involved increasing the number of military advisors and the funding for South Vietnam, as well as propaganda against North Vietnam. However after Kennedy’s assassination, Johnson inherits the responsibility for the U.S. involvement in Vietnam.At first, Johnson does continue Kennedy’s foreign policies concerning Vietnam, similarly supporting the idea of containment just as Kennedy did. However, after realizing the vast commitment it is going to take to win the war and being encountered by numerous difficulties and lack of progress, he eventually causes the U.S. involvement to become much deeper. Johnson was able to achieve this through the Tonkin Resolution, which gave him the power for operations such as â€Å"Rolling Thunder† and eventually an open-ended military commitment towards this conflict.This change in foreign policy where Johnson completely â€Å"Americanized† the war was different from Kennedy’s foreign policy. In conclusion, Johnson’s foreign policy has caused a much larger U.S. involvement in Vietnam than Kennedy’s foreign policy.

Tensile Hair Strengh

Once the hair had been rated or not it was then carefully placed in a sticky note to be wrapped up, making sure not to twist or bend the hair. Weights were then hung of the hair to test the strength of each, once snapped the amount they could hold was recorded. Null hypothesis: Hypothesis: There is a significant positive correlation between the strength of hair that has been heated and the strength of hair once it has been conditioned. Research: Human hair is a natural fiber that is made up largely of a protein called keratin, 80% of hair is formed by this protein.Keratin contains a high concentration of sulfur which is produced from the amino acid Sistine. Rationale: Many women and some men are obsessed with hair care routines and mirroring sleek shiny hair styles like celebrities. The fixation with malignantly shiny hair and being able to alternate between styles has had a massive effect on the cosmetic Industry. With a number of people using straightness, curling Irons or hairdrye rs dally many cosmetic companies such as Tiresome and Pentane have benefited from creating products that help create this look and malting healthy hair.Although the companies claim that these products work this Investigation will look Into whether or to the products actually help maintain strong healthy hair or if once the hair has Variables: Independent variables: * If the hair is treated with conditioner or not – controlled by making sure to separate the treated group from the untreated group and not containment. Dependent variables: * The size of weight – controlled by using the same size weights each time (each weight was log) and making leg weights to make it more precise. To make the leg weights they were measured on a scale that was accurate to 0. 1 g Control variables: * Amount of time in oven – controlled by using a stopwatch to be sure that the hair as heated for a precise amount of time * Amount of time in conditioner – controlled by using a ti mer, didn't want one strand of hair receiving longer time in treatment than others as may cause an anomaly if one hair was stronger than the other * The person who's hair was used – controlled by using the hair from the same person, also making sure the hair hadn't come to any previous damage from dying the hair or daily usage of heat appliances.Preliminary work: For the preliminary investigation I started by gathering my samples of hair from the bottom of the scalp at the very back of the hair. The hair had been washed the night before to ensure that any dirt or hair oil had been washed out, however conditioner had not been used. Once the hair had been removed I measured each length along a ruler to make sure each was the same length, each piece of hair was then cut to CACM long. To make sure my results were more reliable the hair was also cut from the bottom of the strand so that all the hair was the same and because the bottom of the hair was already weak this was cut off. In total I had 20 pieces of hair each cut to CACM. Once this process was complete I divided the hair into two groups . Hair that would be heated – this was marked by a section of the paper it was laid out on having an orange mark. Paper it was laid out on having a red mark. After being divided into the two different groups I heated both groups with hair straightness (GAD). The ceramic plates heat up to 204. 4 degrees Celsius, although the straightness get extremely hot I realized there was room for human error.The length of time that the straightness spent on the strand of hair could differ between each length and on each section of the hair due to the time that the straightened was pulled along. Due to there being a high percentage of human error I used a different technique to heat up the hair to eradicate it. Instead of heating the hair with straightness I decided the best way to get the same heat across the whole length of hair and all the strands of hair was to heat them in the oven.I set the oven temperature to 205 degrees Just slightly higher than the God's, once the oven was heated to the temperature set I quickly put the strands of hair into the oven trying to decrease the time the oven door was open and so decreasing the amount of heat that the oven lost. After timing the hair in the oven for 2 minutes I took the hair out and started to test the strength of the hair against results I had taken previously from hair that hadn't been heated to make sure that there was some change when heated. The results hadn't changed much and so I decided to heat the hair for five minutes.Once the hair was heated for five minutes I divided the two groups. Once separated into two groups the hair was laid on separate pieces of paper each color coded to ensure I didn't mix the ones that would be treated and the ones that wouldn't. I then kook all the strands from group two and using my fingers coated them in conditioner. Improvements: The advantage of doing a prel iminary test enabled me to assess any errors that could implement the final results and also to check if the methodology I was using would be suitable for this investigation.The hair had originally been heated by using hair straightens however there was considerable room for human error due to how long each strand of hair was in contact with the irons. The improvements made on heating the hair was to heat them collectively in the oven, the time they were kept in he oven was also tested during the preliminary to ensure they received the same amount of heat as a strand of hair would when being treated with a heat appliance.

Social commentary on The Kite runner

We are impacted by things that we read, see or hear on a daily basis, and whether we know it or not they change the way we perceive certain topics. Social commentary Is often used by authors and/or artists to draw attention to ineffective elements of a society. This is present in the novels â€Å"Animal Farm† by George Orwell and The Kite Runner† by Khlaed Hosselnl.The â€Å"Animal Farm† Is an allegory about a farm in which the animals revolt against the irresponsible farmer Jones after the Old Major dies and name it â€Å"Animal animals establish seven rules to live by, f which the most Important Is â€Å"All animals are Farm 47). As the years pass by. though, the dynamics of the farm change and the pigs establish themselves ds the ruling class. Orwell ridicules the way Russia tried to rebuild itself after the Bolshevick Revolution with this book. The Kite Runner† is a novel written by Khaled Hosselnl, In which he talks about the drastic difference betwee n lite In Afghanistan before and after the Taliban take over through the point of view of an Afghan boy named Amir. The main themes in the book are love, forgiveness, betrayal, edemption, and ethnic pressure In Afghanistan, but he also focuses In abundance on the Taliban by using the characters' life to show how much damage the Taliban cause to the country and population. The Taliban come Into power after Russian troops invade Afghanistan, and they make the citizens believe that they are the salvation of the country.Both novels deal with a group of people/animals that start a revolution against the ones in control, then gain power and impose even more severe rules which they corrupt, and end up forming a government more oppressive than the one they revolted against. nce the groups take over they give themselves higher authority than the rest of the population/animals, for example when Napoleon takes over he Is called â€Å"the emperor† and the rest of the animals are called à ¢â‚¬Å"comrade†(Anlmal Farm 47-8).The Taliban does something very similar; they demand the population to treat them with respect. Amir finds that out when he comes back to Kabul to take sohrab (given the fact that he lived In U. S. while the Taliban took over Afghanistan, he doesnt know much about them, besides what he heard in San Francisco) and he stares at the Taliban when they drive by. His triend Farid informs him that when the Taliban move past he Is supposed to look at the ground and not directly in their eyes, for the reason that they wanted people to almost bow down to them.Both dictators Impose unreasonable rules when they are in position of power. In â€Å"Animal Farm† Napoleon demonstrates that when he says that anyone who followed snowball, the leader thrown out by Napoleon, would be executed. In â€Å"The Kite Runner† there are many scenes where the Talibs execute the opposition, for example Hassan refuses to leave Baba's house and as a result he ets shot In the back of the head. Another Intense case of unreasonable punishment takes place at the stadium where one of the Taliban Generals makes a speech about the Taliban's duty.He claims that the Taliban bring Justice and carry out the shrl'a law, and they believe that if adultery is committed, the adulterers â€Å"throw stones at the windows of God's house†: although the Shri'a law does not literally say that the Taliban Imply that adulterers should be punished by being stoned to death, tnereTore Its only rlgnt tnat tney stone to aeatn a woman ana a man accused 0T dultery(Cleric 270). However, in both books the dictators corrupt the rules they impose, for example in the â€Å"Animal Farm† the animals have seven commandments they must live by but three of them get changed to suit what Napoleon does or decides. No animal shall drink alcohol†is changed to â€Å"No animal shall drink to excess† when Napoleon gets drunk and almost dies; â€Å"No animal sha ll sleep in a bed† was changed to â€Å"No animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets† and lastly â€Å"No animal shall kill other animal† was changed to â€Å"No animal shall kill other nimal without cause†(Animal Farm 21-24). In â€Å"The Kite Runner† Assef is a sociopath who grows up to become a Taliban official, so the readers would expect him to carry out the Shri'a law and live by it , which he doesn't because he stones a woman to death for being accused of adultery and sins even more by raping the kids of the orphanage.There is another contradiction in the Taliban's beliefs, because music was part of the entertainment banned by the Taliban, but when Amir goes to General Assef to take Sohrab, Assef plays music for Sohrab to dance to. The eginning of dictatorship in both books is caused by a presumed revolution. In â€Å"Animal Farm† the animals revolt against man, take over the farm, and expect to live at peace among themselves. In â€Å" The Kite Runner† the Taliban are supposed to get the Russians out of Afghanistan and bring back harmony in the country.In both cases the leaders fail because the ambitions get the best of them and instead of living happy, they use the opportunity to dictate the others below. In the â€Å"Animal Farm† eventually the Seven Commandments are changed to one that read† All animals are qual but some are more equal than others†,which shows that the revolution is a failure in the farm because it makes the animals exactly what they were protesting against(Animal Farm 112).The Taliban first become known for their ambition to free Afghanistan from the Russians, but once they come into power they impose insane rules against the population and outlaw every type of entertainment, even kite running. In the end the pigs and the Taliban turn into their enemies. Napoleon changes the name of the farm back to Manor Farm and in the final scene Napoleon and Pilkington (a neighbori ng farmer) are playing cards, although they act friendly, each is trying to cheat by playing ace of spades .The other animals watch the scene and cannot tell the pigs from the humans. In â€Å"The Kite Runner† when the Taliban take over Afghanistan they change everything, Amir points it out when he comes back from America and he sees Kabul, he says â€Å"l feel like a tourist in my own country' which means after the Taliban had taken over, the country couldVe been easily ruled by strangers because there was nothing left of the Afghanistan he grew p in (Amir 231). Social commentary has a powerful impact in todays society.Khlaed Hosseini and George Orwell convey a strong message with â€Å"The Kite Runner† and â€Å"Animal Farm†; they show that when people strive for a goal but get no satisfaction when they reach it, they can turn revolutions in a government more oppressive and totalitarian. Social Commentary on The Kite Runner We are impacted by things that we read, see or hear on a daily basis, and whether we know it or not they change the way we perceive certain topics. Social commentary is often used by authors and/or artists to draw attention to ineffective elements of a society. This is present in the novels â€Å"Animal Farm† by George Orwell and â€Å"The Kite Runner† by Khlaed Hosseini. The â€Å"Animal Farm† is an allegory about a farm in which the animals revolt against the irresponsible farmer Jones after the Old Major dies and name it â€Å"Animal farm†.The animals establish seven rules to live by, of which the most important is â€Å"All animals are equal†(Animal Farm 47). As the years pass by, though, the dynamics of the farm change and the pigs establish themselves as the ruling class. Orwell ridicules the way Russia tried to rebuild itself after the Bolshevick Revolution with this book. â€Å"The Kite Runner† is a novel written by Khaled Hosseini, i n which he talks about the drastic difference between life in Afghanistan before and after the Taliban take over through the point of view of an Afghan boy named Amir.The main themes in the book are love, forgiveness, betrayal, redemption, and ethnic pressure in Afghanistan, but he also focuses in abundance on the Taliban by using the characters’ life to show how much damage the Taliban cause to the country and population. The Taliban come into power after Russian troops invade Afghanistan, and they make the citizens believe that they are the salvation of the country.Both novels deal with a group of people/animals that start a revolution against the ones in control, then gain power and impose even more severe rules which they corrupt, and end up forming a government more oppressive than the one they revolted against. Once the groups take over they give themselves higher authority than the rest of the population/animals, for example when Napoleon takes over he is called  "the emperor† and the rest of the animals are called â€Å"comrade†(Animal Farm 47-8).The Taliban does something very similar; they demand the population to treat them with respect. Amir finds that out when he comes back to Kabul to take Sohrab (given the fact that he lived in U. S. while the Taliban took over Afghanistan, he doesn’t know much about them, besides what he heard in San Francisco) and he stares at the Taliban when they drive by. His friend Farid informs him that when the Taliban move past he is supposed to look at the ground and not directly in their eyes, for the reason that they wanted people to almost bow down to them.Both dictators impose unreasonable rules when they are in position of power. In â€Å"Animal Farm† Napoleon demonstrates that when he says that anyone who followed Snowball, the leader thrown out by Napoleon, would be executed. In â€Å"The Kite Runner† there are many scenes where the Talibs execute the opposition, for example Hassan refuses to leave Baba’s house and as a result he gets shot in the back of the head. Another intense case of unreasonable punishment takes place at the stadium where one of the Taliban Generals makes a speech about the Taliban’s duty.He claims that the Taliban bring justice and carry out the Shri’a law, and they believe that if adultery is committed, the adulterers â€Å"throw stones at the windows of God’s house†; although the Shri’a law does not literally say that the Taliban imply that adulterers should be punished by being stoned to death, therefore it’s only right that they stone to death a woman and a man accused of adultery(Cleric 270). However, in both books the dictators corrupt the rules they impose, for example in the â€Å"Animal Farm† the animals have seven commandments they must live by but three of them get changed to suit what Napoleon does or decides.â€Å"No animal shall drink alcohol†is changed to â€Å"No animal shall drink to excess† when Napoleon gets drunk and almost dies; â€Å"No animal shall sleep in a bed† was changed to â€Å"No animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets† and lastly â€Å"No animal shall kill other animal† was changed to â€Å"No animal shall kill other animal without cause†(Animal Farm 21-24). In â€Å"The Kite Runner† Assef is a sociopath who grows up to become a Taliban official, so the readers would expect him to carry out the Shri’a law and live by it , which he doesn’t because he stones a woman to death for being accused of adultery and sins even more by raping the kids of the orphanage.There is another contradiction in the Taliban’s beliefs, because music was part of the entertainment banned by the Taliban, but when Amir goes to General Assef to take Sohrab, Assef plays music for Sohrab to dance to. The beginning of dictatorship in both books is caused by a presumed revolut ion. In â€Å"Animal Farm† the animals revolt against man, take over the farm, and expect to live at peace among themselves. In â€Å"The Kite Runner† the Taliban are supposed to get the Russians out of Afghanistan and bring back harmony in the country.In both cases the leaders fail because the ambitions get the best of them and instead of living happy, they use the opportunity to dictate the others below. In the â€Å"Animal Farm† eventually the Seven Commandments are changed to one that read† All animals are equal but some are more equal than others†,which shows that the revolution is a failure in the farm because it makes the animals exactly what they were protesting against(Animal Farm 112).The Taliban first become known for their ambition to free Afghanistan from the Russians, but once they come into power they impose insane rules against the population and outlaw every type of entertainment, even kite running. In the end the pigs and the Taliba n turn into their enemies. Napoleon changes the name of the farm back to Manor Farm and in the final scene Napoleon and Pilkington (a neighboring farmer) are playing cards, although they act friendly, each is trying to cheat by playing ace of spades .The other animals watch the scene and cannot tell the pigs from the humans. In â€Å"The Kite Runner† when the Taliban take over Afghanistan they change everything, Amir points it out when he comes back from America and he sees Kabul, he says â€Å"I feel like a tourist in my own country† which means after the Taliban had taken over, the country could’ve been easily ruled by strangers because there was nothing left of the Afghanistan he grew up in (Amir 231).Social commentary has a powerful impact in today’s society. Khlaed Hosseini and George Orwell convey a strong message with â€Å"The Kite Runner† and â€Å"Animal Farm†; they show that when people strive for a goal but get no satisfaction wh en they reach it, they can turn revolutions in a government more oppressive and totalitarian.